Species
Bugs
Description
Available wild-caught, it is a marine crustacean with a reddish-brown shell, broad flat head with eyes at either edge of the shell, short narrow tail and 5 pairs of small legs. Found on muddy or sandy bottoms at 10-60m, north from northern NSW to Shark Bay in WA, though caught primarily between Cairns and Bundaberg as bycatch of Prawn and Scallop fisheries. They often bury themselves in sand or mud during the day and become active after dark. Thenus orientalis can be distinguished from Thenus indicus by the spots on its legs and a brown tail fan (T.indicus has no spots and a yellow tail fan).
Other Names
Baylobster, Bay Bobster, Bug, Flathead Lobster, Gulf-lobster, Mudbug, Northern Baylobster, Northern Bay Lobster, Sandbug, Shovelnose Lobster, Shovel-nosed Lobster, Slipper Lobster, Squat Lobster, Squilla.
Family
Scyllaridae (Shovel-nosed/Slipper lobsters).
Season
Available year round, although supply is affected by the seasonality of northern Prawn fisheries (peaking in autumn).
Size and Weight
Average 250g, but commonly 120-380g with 8-12cm wide head.
Price
Medium-high priced, more expensive in areas where they are caught as they are familiar and popular.
Relations
Balmain Bug, Rock Lobsters, Slipper Lobsters. Most easily distinguished from similar species by the position of the eyes on the outer edge of the shell; Balmain Bugs’ eyes are located in the centre of the shell and those of Slipper Lobsters are closer to the edges but not on the actual edge as with Moreton Bay Bugs. Balmain Bugs also have a wider body.
There has been recent research that suggests that similar Asian Bugs may be different species, this may lead to a change in scientific name of the Australian species in the future.
To Buy
Sold whole, sometimes live (and frozen whole, tails and as meat). Look for brightly coloured, firm, intact, lustrous shells, without any discolouration, particularly at joints, and a pleasant fresh sea smell.
To Store
Wrap whole Bugs or meat in plastic wrap or place in an airtight container. Refrigerate for up to 3 days or freeze for up to 3 months below -18ºC.
To Cook
Average yield is 30%, the edible flesh is only in the tail and larger Bugs have a lower yield due to their head size. Have a medium, sweet, rich flavour (milder than Balmain Bug but stronger than Rock Lobster), low oiliness and dry, firm flesh.
To remove meat from shells, either split Bug lengthwise, or, to keep meat in one piece, remove head, turn tail over and cut down either side of the tail using kitchen scissors, peel underside of tail back and remove meat.
Do not recook cooked Bugs. Eat cold in salads or with a dipping sauce.
The most humane, and easiest, method of killing any crustacean is to chill it in the freezer for about 45 minutes until it becomes insensible (but not long enough to freeze it). Once chilled, it should be killed promptly by splitting in half. See or for more details.
Cooking Methods
Steam, poach, deep-fry, pan-fry, stir-fry, grill, barbecue. Excellent cold as part of a seafood platter. To BBQ, cut in half lengthwise and cook in the shell. The firm flesh holds together well in soups, curries and casseroles and can be cubed for kebabs.
Goes Well With
Citrus (lemon, lime), fresh herbs (such as basil, chervil, dill, French tarragon, parsley), garlic, ginger, green vegetables (such as asparagus, baby beans, snowpeas), mayonnaise, vinaigrette.
Alternatives
Balmain Bug, Marron, Redclaw, Prawns, Yabby.
Imports
Various Thenus species are occasionally imported from Asia, usually as frozen tails.
Recipes
Salad of Moreton Bay Bugs & Brown Rice with Sesame Dressing
Balmain Bug Salad with Rocket, Asparagus & Saffron A茂oli
Fettuccine with Balmain Bugs